Alice is an innovative 3D programming environment that makes it easy to create an animation for telling a story, playing an interactive game, or a video to share on the web. Alice is a teaching tool for introductory computing. It uses 3D graphics and a drag-and-drop interface to facilitate a more engaging, less frustrating first programming experience.
http://www.alice.org
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Scratch
Scratch is a programming language that makes it easy to create your own interactive stories, animations, games, music, and art -- and share your creations on the web.
As young people create and share Scratch projects, they learn important mathematical and computational ideas, while also learning to think creatively, reason systematically, and work collaboratively.
http://scratch.mit.edu
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Stencyl (games)
http://www.stencyl.com
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Basic-256
BASIC-256 is an easy to use version of BASIC designed to teach anybody (especially middle and high-school students) the basics of computer programming.
http://www.basic256.org
http://goo.gl/vWRzD
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Squeak
http://www.squeak.org
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KTurtle
KTurtle aims to make programming as easy and touchable as possible, and therefore can be used to teach kids the basics of math, geometry and... programming.
http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/
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Little Wizard
Little Wizard is a development environment for children. It is intended to be used by primary school children to learn about the main elements of real computer languages. Using only the mouse, children can explore programming concepts such as variables, expressions, loops, conditions, and logical blocks.
http://goo.gl/hYE3D
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GvRng (Linux)
Guido van Robot Next Generation (GvRng) is a project developed by advanced high school students for use by their peers as a learning tool and precursor to the further study of programming with Python. It is a minimalistic programming language providing just enough syntax to help students learn the concepts of sequencing, conditional branching, looping and procedural abstraction.
http://goo.gl/b7OX8
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Edubuntu
Edubuntu is a grassroots movement, we aim to get Ubuntu into schools, homes and communities and make it easy for users to install and maintain their systems.
We are students, teachers, parents and hackers who believe that learning and knowledge should be available to everyone who wants to improve themselves and the world around them.
Our Goals
Our aim is to put together a system that contains all the best free software available in education and make it easy to install and maintain.
http://www.edubuntu.org
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Ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com
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Open source programming languages for kids
http://goo.gl/ol7Dj
Teaching Kids Programming with Free Programming Languages
http://goo.gl/F0D3X
The programming languages listed here are designed for educators to teach children how to write computer program. Like the Logo programming language, they are typically graphics-based so as to make the language attractive and relevant to kids. They are designed to teach children basic programming concepts and have some of the basic elements required in traditional programming so as to provide a means for kids to learn and become interested in programming.
http://goo.gl/Hvzhi
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General Education:
Khan Academy
http://www.khanacademy.org
MIT Opencourseware
http://ocw.mit.edu
Berkeley Webcast
http://webcast.berkeley.edu
Project Gutenberg
http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page